SOFA - Standard Object For Astronomy


System	Help

Standard Objects For Astronomy

*version*	mirror site (disabled) in Canada at Université de Montréal
*version*	mirror site (still active but now out of date) in France at LAOG

You will find below some Internet links to help you in selecting standard objects.
They are classified according to different observing techniques:

1. Interferometry,Adaptive Optics
2. Photometry
3. Spectroscopy
4. Polarimetry

... and also according to wavelength domains:

A. gamma, X-ray
B. UV
C. visible
D. IR
E. radio

Finally, other useful links related to observational or theoretical astronomy data bases are listed.

1. Interferometry, Adaptive Optics
The needs here are for stars with well known diameters or unresolvable objects for calibration purposes...
Apparent diameters and absolute radii of stars Fracassini et al. (1988)	7255 stellar radii
Interferometer phase calibration sources Wrobel et al. (1998), Patnaik et al. (1992), Browne (1998), Wilkinson (1998)	2118 compact radio sources as candidate phase calibrators for VLBI networks or ALMA
Catalog of UBVRI photometry of globular clusters Peterson (1986)	56 UBVRI records

...for binary with recorded separation, clusters or extended galaxies...
The Database of Double and Multiple Stars	global data for multiple stars
Standard stars for binary-star interferometry McAlister et al. (1983)	26 binaries proposed as standard
LEDA	data on 160 000 galaxies
NED	data on 375 000 extragalactic objects
WEBDA	a site devoted to stellar open clusters
Photometric studies of composite stellar systems Frogel et al. (1978)	photometry of 51 early-type galaxies and 5 globular clusters

...for stars with specific magnitude/spectral type used as reference (PSF), see also section 2.Photometry
Hipparcos	118 218 records
USNO-A V2.0	526 280 881 records (astrometry)
Bright Star catalogue	5th ed., 9096 records
SAO Star catalogue	258 997 records
Henry Draper catalogue	272 150 records
GSC	19 millions records
PPM star catalogue North PPM star catalogue South	181 731 records 197 179 records
GCPD	The General Catalogue of Photometric Data
Near IR Photometry of a Sample of IRAS Point Sources Fouqué et al. (1992)	570 sources in JHKL'M
Gezari catalog of infrared observations	55 000 infrared sources
IRAS point sources catalogue	250 000 infrared sources

2. Photometry
...make your choice:
Landolt Standards Landolt (1979, 1983a,1983b,1992a,1992b)	photometric standard stars
An atlas of HST photometric, spectrophotometric and polarimetric calibration object Turnshek et al. (1990)	with finding charts
UBVRI standard stars at northern declinations Oja (1996)	123 stars between with V=6 and 11
Photoelectric Photometry in Vilnius system Straizys et al. (1989)	4849 stars in the Vilnius PXYZVS colors
The southern Vilnius photometric system I, II,III,IV Forbes et al. (1993, 1994,1997),Zdanavicius et al. (1997)	about 200 stars
UBVR and UPXYZVS sequences of standard stars for the MEGA program fields along the main meridian of the Galaxy Andruk et al. (1996)	1141 stars
Color indices of the Sun in the Vilnius and the UBV systems Strayzis & Valiaugas (1994)	Sun photometry
Infrared standard stars Elias et al. (1982, erratum)	JHKL, H2O, Co standards
IR photometry of ESO calibration stars Van Der Bliek et al. (1996) Bouchet et al. (1991), Bersanelli et al. (1991)	1-20 microns
Northern JHK standard stars for array detectors Hunt et al. (1998)	86 JHK standards
JHKL photometry of 145 southern stars Glass (1974)	145 standards
Faint southern JHKL standards Carter (1990, 1995)	infrared standards
The AAO JHKL-prime photometric standards Allen & Cragg (1983)	southern 1.5<K<6 standards
IR observations of southern bright stars Engels et al. (1981)	infrared standards at ESO
A finding list of faint UV-bright stars in the Galactic plane Lanning et al. (1973, 1994,1995,1998)	195 UV-bright stars

3. Spectroscopy
...make your choice:
Libraries of stellar spectra Montes	huge collections-have a look first there !
Optical spectrophotometric standards Oke (1990)	25 stars (7 to 16 mag.) from 3200 to 10200 Å
Spectrophotometric standards Massey et al. (1988)	25 stars (7 to 16 mag.) from 3200 to 8100 Å
KPNO spectrophotometric standards: extension to 1 micron Massey et al. (1990)	11 standards from 6600 to 10300 Å
Optical spectrophotometric standards Hamuy et al. (1992, 1994)	10 bright standards and 19 fainter (10 to 14 mag.) standards from 3300 to about 10300 Å
White Dwarf primary spectrophotometric standards Bohlin et al. (1995, 1996)	4 stars from 10 Å to 3 microns
Faint spectrophotometric standard stars for large optical telescopes Filippenko & Greenstein	5 faint spectrophotometric standards between 3300 and 10,000 Å
HST Spectrophotometric Standards Bohlin et al. (1992)	23 stars based on IUE, optical spectra and the WD standards + 6 stars with IUE and model spectra
Southern spectrophotometric standards for large telescopes I, II Baldwin & Stone (1983, 1984)	spectra between 6056 and 10,400 Å
A series of faint spectrophotometric standard stars at +33 deg declination Hickson & Mulrooney (1998)	21 spectra (3500-9200 Å) for 15th magnitude stars
An atlas of HST photometric, spectrophotometric and polarimetric calibration object Turnshek et al. (1990)	with finding charts
13th General Catalogue of MK spectral classification Buscombe	MK spectral types and UBV photometry
The revised catalog of MK spectral types for the cooler stars Keenan & Newsom	spectral types for stars later than GO
An atlas of the infrared spectral region. I. The early type stars (O-G0) Andrillat et al. (1995)	76 spectra for O, B, A and F type stars between 8375 and 8770 Å
K-band spectra of F8-M7 standard stars Kleinmann et al. (1986)	26 stellar spectra from 2.0 to 2.5 microns
Near-infrared classification spectroscopy: H-band spectra of fundamental MK standards Meyer et al. (1998)	85 spectra for O5-M7 stars
Spectral irradiance calibration in the infrared IV,VI,VII Cohen et al. (1995, 1996a, 1996b),and other papers)	stellar spectra from 3 to 35 microns
IRAS low resolution spectra	5425 spectra from 8 to 22 microns
A new library of stellar optical spectra Silva & Cornell (1992)	72 spectra from 3510 to 8930 Å at 11 Å resolution, classes O-M and luminosity classes I-V
Optical spectra of Praesepe and M67 stars Allen & Strom (1995)	107 spectra (R=1500) of Prasepe MS stars (F1-M4) from 5600 to 9000 Å
A library of stellar spectra Jacoby et al. (1984)	161 spectra from 3510 to 7427 Å classes O-M and luminosity classes I, III, V
Secondary spectrophotometric standards Glushneva et al. (1992)	238 secondary standard stars in the range 3200-7600 Å with a 50 Å resolution + energy distribution for 99 stars between 6000-10800 Å
A Moderate-Resolution Spectral Atlas of Carbon Stars: R, J, N, CH, and Barium Stars Barnbaum et al. (1996)	39 spectra + 119 carbon star classification
A Spectral Atlas of Hot, Luminous Stars at 2 microns Hanson et al. (1996)	180 spectra
An atlas of stellar spectra between 2.00 and 2.45 microns Arnaud et al. (1989)	73 stars
A new version of the catalog of CH and related stars Bartkevicius (1996)	261 stars

4. Polarimetry
Standard you said, standard ?
On standard polarized stars Hsu & Breger (1982)	12 observed stars
Wavelength dependence of position angle in polarization standards Dolan & Tapia (1986)	15 observed stars
The variability of polarized standard stars Bastien et al. (1988) - Clarke & Naghizadeh-Khouei (1994)	13 observed stars
An atlas of HST photometric, spectrophotometric and polarimetric calibration object Turnshek et al. (1990)	with finding charts
Toward selection of intermediate-magnitude polarization standards Clemens & Tapia (1990)	16 observed stars
The HST nothern-hemisphere grid of stellar polarimetric standards Schmidt et al. (1992)	11+17 observed stars

A. gamma, X-ray standards
...no literally "standard" objects yet, but better than nothing:
HEARSAC	a multi-mission astronomy archive for the EUV, X-ray, and Gamma ray wave bands

B. UV standards

HST Spectrophotometric Standards

Bohlin et al. (1992)

23 stars based on IUE, optical spectra and the WD standards + 6 stars with IUE and model spectra

C. visible standards

Landolt Standards Landolt (1979, 1983a,1983b,1992a,1992b)	photometric standard stars
UBVRI standard stars at northern declinations Oja (1996)	123 stars between with V=6 and 11
The southern Vilnius photometric system I, II,III,IV Forbes et al. (1993, 1994,1997),Zdanavicius et al. (1997)	about 200 stars
Color indices of the Sun in the Vilnius and the UBV systems Strayzis & Valiaugas (1994)	Sun photometry
Optical spectrophotometric standards Oke (1990)	25 stars (7 to 16 mag.) from 3200 to 10200 Å
Spectrophotometric standards Massey et al. (1988)	25 stars (7 to 16 mag.) from 3200 to 8100 Å
Secondary spectrophotometric standards Glushneva et al. (1992)	238 secondary standard stars in the range 3200-7600 Å with a 50 Å resolution + energy distribution for 99 stars between 6000-10800 Å
KPNO spectrophotometric standards: extension to 1 micron Massey et al. (1990)	11 standards from 6600 to 10300 Å
Optical spectrophotometric standards Hamuy et al. (1992, 1994)	10 bright standards and 19 fainter (10 to 14 mag.) standards from 3300 to about 10300 Å
White Dwarf primary spectrophotometric standards Bohlin et al. (1995, 1996)	4 stars from 10 Å to 3 microns
Faint spectrophotometric standard stars for large optical telescopes Filippenko & Greenstein	5 faint spectrophotometric standards between 3300 and 10,000 Å
HST Spectrophotometric Standards Bohlin et al. (1992)	23 stars based on IUE, optical spectra and the WD standards + 6 stars with IUE and model spectra
Southern spectrophotometric standards for large telescopes I, II Baldwin & Stone (1983, 1984)	spectra between 6056 and 10,400 Å
A series of faint spectrophotometric standard stars at +33 deg declination Hickson & Mulrooney (1998)	21 spectra (3500-9200 Å) for 15th magnitude stars
An atlas of HST photometric, spectrophotometric and polarimetric calibration object Turnshek et al. (1990)	with finding charts

D. IR standards

K-band spectra of F8-M7 standard stars Kleinmann et al. (1986)	26 stellar spectra from 2.0 to 2.5 microns
Spectral irradiance calibration in the infrared IV,VI,VII Cohen et al. (1995, 1996a, 1996b),and other papers)	stellar spectra from 3 to 35 microns
Infrared standard stars Elias et al. (1982, erratum)	JHKL, H2O, Co standards
An atlas of stellar spectra between 2.00 and 2.45 microns Arnaud et al. (1989)	73 stars
IR photometry of ESO calibration stars Van Der Bliek et al. (1996) Bouchet et al. (1991), Bersanelli et al. (1991)	1-20 microns
Northern JHK standard stars for array detectors Hunt et al. (1998)	86 JHK standards
JHKL photometry of 145 southern stars Glass (1974)	145 standards
Faint southern JHKL standards Carter (1990, 1995)	infrared standards
The AAO JHKL-prime photometric standards Allen & Cragg (1983)	southern 1.5<K<6 standards
IR observations of southern bright stars Engels et al. (1981)	infrared standards
KPNO spectrophotometric standards: extension to 1 micron Massey et al. (1990)	11 standards from 6600 to 10300 Å

E. radio standards

RRFID	The Radio Reference Frame Image Database
Radio flux calibrator	Zombeck, M. V., 1990, Handbook of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Second Edition (Cambridge,UK: Cambridge University Press)
VLBA Calibrator List	list of VLBA calibrators
Interferometer phase calibration sources Wrobel et al. (1998), Patnaik et al. (1992), Browne (1998), Wilkinson (1998)	2121 compact radio sources as candidate phase calibrators for VLBI networks

Various useful links
The Standard Star Newsletter	to keep astronomers in touch with all aspects of stellar standards	IAU
Simbad	basic data, cross-identifications and bibliography for astronomical objects outside the solar system	CDS (US)
VizieR	the most complete library of published astronomical catalogues organized in a self-documented database	CDS (US,Japon)
CADC	numerous archives and catalogues	NRC-CNRC
AstroWeb	a collection of pointers to astronomy-related information available on the Internet	CDS (STScI,MSSSO,NRAO,Vilspa,La Plata)
AstroGLU AstroBrowse Starcast	to query hundreds of different catalogs and services distributed around the world using a single interface	CDS NASA (SAO) STScI
Hypercat	catalogues of galaxies with nice interface to study their physics	CRAL,OAB,OAC
AMASE	multi-mission and multi-spectral data catalog in the NASA archives	NASA
MAST	data from the Multimission Archive at STScI	STScI
World Plate Store	historic astronomical observations taken on photographic plates during the first three-quarters of this century (in construction)	OHP
skycat	tool that combines visualization of images and access to catalogs and archive data for astronomy	ESO-NRC-CNRC
Aladin	visual summary of the multi-wavelength sky	CDS
SkyView	any part of the sky from radio to Gamma-Ray domains	NASA
IRSKY	viewing the infrared sky	IPAC
PHYSICAL REFERENCE DATA	laboratory measurements (atomic spectra, molecules., gamma,...)	NIST

...more links to come soon.

Last update: 17^th August 2000 by Shashikiran Ganesh
Address : http://www.prl.ernet.in/~shashi/SOFA/index.html

Created by Patrice Corporon

Now maintained by Shashikiran Ganesh-& Anatoly Miroshnichenko

Thank you for sending us your comments

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